The Role of Vitamin D in Breast Cancer Prevention
Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. While it is widely recognized for its role in bone health, vitamin D also has significant functions in the immune system and the prevention of various diseases, including certain types of cancer.
Vitamin D deficiency is considered a global pressing health concern that affect over two billion people. This vitamin undergoes activation in the liver and kidneys to exert its biological effects. Evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the development of breast cancer. Studies on animal suggest that vitamin D can decrease the tumor-promoting effects of a high-fat diet. Furthermore, laboratory studies have demonstrated that vitamin D can inhibit cell proliferation and promote the programmed death of cancer cells.Several studies highlight an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and breast cancer risk, particularly among postmenopausal women. However, this association is less pronounced in women of reproductive age. This means that protective role of vitamin D against breast cancer becomes more as women age.
As a fat-soluble vitamin, excessive intake of vitamin D can be harmful. Research has also indicated that high-dose supplementation might paradoxically encourage the proliferation of cancer cells. Although there is no universal agreement on the ideal serum level of vitamin D, most experts agree on the following thresholds:
• Levels below 20 ng/ml indicate severe deficiency.
• Levels between 20 and 30 ng/ml are insufficient.
• Levels of 30 to 80 ng/ml are considered optimal.
Benefits and Recommendations
Scientific evidence underscores the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels for breast cancer prevention and overall health. Ensuring sufficient vitamin D intake through dietary sources, supplementation, or safe sun exposure is a key strategy in reducing breast cancer risk.Health practitioners should encourage individuals to monitor their vitamin D status and adopt measures to achieve optimal levels. This includes consuming vitamin D-rich foods, such as fatty fish, fortified dairy products, and egg yolks, or using supplements under medical guidance. These steps not only support general health but also contribute to reducing the risk of breast cancer.
Dr. Milad Khorasani